Men's Health - Male Infertility
CAUSES OF MALE INFERTILITY
| CAUSES OF MALE INFERTILITY Several factors may lead to abnormalities in sperm numbers or function according to the degree and type of pathology. Pretesticular Causes · Hypothalamic lesions: GnRH deficiency · Pituitary lesions: LH & FSH deficiency: e.g. Tumors, Granulomas, Radiation, Trauma, Inflammations. Pretesticular causes usually present with absence or regression of male secondary sex characters and azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia. Testicular Causes · Varicocele: · Congenital disorders: Cryptorchidism Germ cell aplasia Bilateral anorchia Defective androgen synthesis or action Myotonic atrophy Chromosomal: e.g.XXY (Klinefelter's syndrome), XXY, XX males (sex reversal), XO males (male turner syndrome) · Acquired disorders: Local: Infection e.g. mumps orchitis, Trauma Gonadotoxics (e.g. chemotherapy, radiation, nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, heroin, sulfasalazine,dapsone, imidazoles, pyrimethamine). Systemic: e.g. renal, hepatic failure, & sickle cell anemia Post Testicular Causes · Sperm Transport Disorders Congenital: e.g. bilateral absent vas, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory duct abnormalities. Acquired: Inflammatory: e.g. post epididymitis Traumatic: during orchiopexy, herniotomy, hydrocelectomy or vasectomy for contraception Functional (ASPERMIA): absence of an ejaculate due to failure of emission or retrograde ejaculation into the bladder due to abnormalities of bladder neck; autonomic neuropathy e.g. diabetics; sympathectomy; sympatholytics; or idiopathic. · Sperm Function & motility disorders: Infection: e.g. prostatitis & seminal vesiculitis. Immunologic: Antisperm antibodies. Epididymal maturation: e.g. post epididymovasostomy & gonadotoxins |
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Copyrights Dr. Hussein Ghanem 1999 All Rights
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جميع حقوق الطبع والنشر محفوظة للدكتور حسين
غانم لعام 1999
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Page written & discussion moderated by:
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Professor of Andrology, Cairo University
Formerly: Fellow in Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA Formerly: Fellow in Male Sexual Function, Reproduction, and Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA |
| Telephone: +(202) 761 3334 |
| E-mail: ghanem@family-clinics.com |
| Address: 139 (A) Al-Tahrir Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt |